fundraising-narrative

VC Fundraising Narrative Skill

This skill provides first-principles guidance for crafting compelling fundraising narratives that resonate with venture capitalists, grounded in frameworks from Sequoia, a16z, Benchmark, Floodgate, NFX, and YC.

Core Philosophy

"The money flows as a function of the story." -- Don Valentine, Sequoia Capital

The narrative is not decoration on top of the business -- it IS the business case. Every element of a pitch must serve the narrative arc, and the story must be retellable in 30 seconds by a VC champion to their partnership.

The 10 First Principles

1. Story IS Strategy

Your pitch narrative = your business case. Ben Horowitz: "The company story IS the company strategy." If your VC champion can't retell your story in 30 seconds to their partners, you won't get funded.

2. Lead with the Earned Secret

The most differentiating element: a non-obvious, non-consensus insight earned through direct experience. Peter Thiel: "What important truth do very few people agree with you on?" Mike Maples: The key word is earned -- discovered through experimentation, not read in a report.

Mike Maples' Three Slides: The minimum viable pitch: (1) What you do, (2) Your non-obvious insight, (3) Proof validating the insight.

3. "Why Now" Is the Linchpin

Every great pitch answers why this moment is uniquely suited. Must be a specific inflection point, not a gradual trend. Three categories: technology shifts, regulatory changes, behavioral/cultural shifts.

Concrete inflection examples: Uber (smartphones + GPS + mobile payments converging), telehealth (post-COVID regulation change). Use the pattern: "In January 2024, API costs dropped 90%, making our solution profitable for the first time."

4. Prove Value Before Claiming Growth

Andy Rachleff: "The only way you can succeed is if you serve someone who's desperate." Show desperate customers and organic pull before discussing scaling. The cardinal sin: testing growth before proving value.

Rachleff's Law: "When a great team meets a lousy market, market wins. The #1 company-killer is lack of market." Counterintuitive insight: "You don't iterate on the what, you iterate on the who." If your value hypothesis isn't working, change the target audience, not the feature set.

5. The Customer Is the Hero

Frame the narrative so the customer is transformed by your solution. You are the mentor (Gandalf, Obi-Wan), not the protagonist. Stories activate more brain areas than facts, triggering trust (oxytocin).

The Adapted Hero's Journey for Pitches:

1. The Ordinary World -- The customer's current painful reality
2. The Call to Adventure -- The specific problem disrupting their status quo
3. Meeting the Mentor -- Your company enters with a unique tool/approach
4. Trials and Tests -- Obstacles overcome (pivots, iterations, customer discovery)
5. The Transformation -- Measurable change your solution creates (metrics, testimonials)
6. The Return with the Elixir -- Vision for the future + your funding ask

6. Market Size: Ambitious + Defensible

Bottom-up credibility + top-down ambition. Best founders show how they expand the market, not just capture share. Avoid the "1% of China" fallacy. Present both top-down and bottom-up.

7. Clarity Over Polish

Sequoia values "clarity of thinking" over beautiful slides. The Heading Test: slide headings alone should tell the complete story. Paul Graham: "Convince yourself first, then explain clearly using plain language."

8. Numbers in Every Sentence

NFX: "Use a number in 100% of your sentences." Replace vague claims with specific metrics. 10%+ MoM growth for 6+ months signals Series A readiness.

9. Design for Internal Championing

Optimize not for the partner meeting you attend, but for the IC meeting you don't. Include clear investment thesis on slide 1 (3-8 bullet points). Address risks proactively to arm your champion.

10. Fundraising Is Continuous Narrative

Mark Suster: "Lines, Not Dots." Monthly updates create the line investors extrapolate from. Start VC relationships 12+ months before raising.

Sequoia's 10-Slide Structure

1. Company Purpose -- Single declarative sentence
2. Problem -- The felt pain (customer's perspective)
3. Solution -- Your value proposition + use cases
4. Why Now -- The specific inflection point
5. Market Size -- TAM/SAM/SOM (both top-down and bottom-up)
6. Competition -- Honest competitive landscape
7. Product -- Demo, features, architecture
8. Business Model -- Revenue model, pricing, LTV/CAC
9. Team -- Founding story + domain expertise
10. Financials -- P&L, projections, key metrics

Narrative Arc (Sequoia)

1. Hook -- Human problem, striking insight, or pattern break
2. Interest -- Build empathy. Problem before solution, always.
3. Consideration -- Evidence: traction, model, customers, execution
4. Action -- The ask and next steps

Stage-Specific Narrative Focus

Stage	Core Question	Focus	Evidence
Pre-Seed	"Is this worth exploring?"	Earned secret + inflection	Founder-market fit
Seed	"Does this idea work?"	Problem severity + unique insight	Early users, qualitative signals
Series A	"Does this business work?"	PMF + unit economics	6+ months of 10%+ MoM growth
Series B	"How big can this get?"	Scalable ops + category leadership	Proven economics, expansion
Growth	"Will this be the winner?"	Market dominance + excellence	Revenue scale, moats

VC Decision Psychology: Conviction and Urgency

Every VC decision is shaped by two forces. The best pitches create both simultaneously:

Conviction ("This could be a fund-returner"):

• Power law math: top 1-2 investments must return the whole fund
• Built by: massive TAM, exponential traction, non-consensus insight, market expansion potential
• Conviction gets them interested

Urgency ("I can't afford to miss this"):

• Kahneman's prospect theory: the cost of missing an outlier dwarfs the cost of a failed bet
• Created by: competitive dynamics, momentum acceleration, defined process timeline, social proof from respected peers
• Urgency gets them to act now

The balance: Conviction without urgency creates admiration but no action. Urgency without conviction feels like pressure. The best pitches combine genuine belief in an enormous outcome with a legitimate reason to decide now.

How Conviction and Urgency Map to the Narrative Arc

Narrative Beat	Builds Conviction	Creates Urgency
Hook	A striking data point about market size or growth	A shift or trend that signals timing matters
Problem	The scale of unmet demand (how many people suffer)	What happens if this problem goes unsolved
Earned Secret	"We see something nobody else sees"	"Others are starting to figure this out"
Why Now	The inflection makes the opportunity dramatically larger	First-mover advantage has a window
Traction	Growth trajectory that looks like the early days of breakout companies	Momentum is accelerating -- the business is working now
The Ask	"This capital will unlock [massive milestone]"	"We have a clear timeline for this process"

Warning: Manufactured urgency without substance backfires permanently. Artificial scarcity, fabricated interest, or dishonest process signals will destroy your reputation. The urgency must be authentic: genuine traction acceleration, genuine investor interest, genuine market timing. VCs talk to each other constantly -- dishonesty spreads through the network within hours.

When Reviewing or Helping Build a Pitch

1. Start by understanding the founder's earned secret -- What do they see that nobody else sees?
2. Identify the inflection point -- What concrete change makes "why now" compelling?
3. Validate the value hypothesis -- Who is desperate? Is there organic pull?
4. Apply the heading test -- Do slide headings alone tell a coherent story?
5. Check for retellability -- Can the pitch be summarized in 30 seconds?
6. Ensure numbers, not adjectives -- Every claim should have a metric
7. Assess internal championing readiness -- Does it arm a VC partner for their IC meeting?
8. Test for conviction -- Does the pitch make the VC believe this could return their fund?
9. Test for urgency -- Does the pitch create a legitimate reason to act now (not artificial scarcity)?

Enhanced Analysis with Thinking Frameworks

This skill produces stronger outcomes when combined with structured thinking frameworks from the thinking-skills plugin:

Framework	Application to Fundraising Narratives
First Principles	Decompose the earned secret to fundamental, irreducible truths
Systems Thinking	Map the problem ecosystem to show interconnected pain points
Jobs to Be Done	Frame the VC's investment decision -- what "job" are they hiring this investment for?
Feedback Loops	Identify and narrate the business flywheel that creates compounding defensibility
Second-Order Thinking	Trace cascading effects of the "Why Now" inflection beyond the obvious
Leverage Points	Identify where narrative emphasis has maximum impact on investor conviction

When these frameworks are available, apply them naturally within the narrative construction process rather than as separate analytical steps.