historical-lesson-extraction

Historical Lesson Extraction

Every case contains multiple lessons. Most people extract the wrong one — the surface action rather than the underlying principle. "They moved fast" is not a lesson. "Speed of iteration was decisive because the cost of a wrong assumption exceeded the cost of an incomplete product, making information the binding constraint" is a lesson. This skill separates what happened from why it happened, and from that derives a principle that transfers to contexts the original case never anticipated.

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Your Process

Step 1: Describe the Case What happened? Who was involved, what decisions were made, what were the outcomes? Provide enough specifics to work with — the analysis depends on the case having real texture, not just a summary.

Step 2: Surface Events What happened at the observable level — the actions taken, the decisions made, the sequence of events from beginning to outcome? Keep this purely descriptive. No interpretation, no causation claims yet. Just what an observer would have recorded.

Step 3: Underlying Dynamics Why did this happen? What forces, incentives, constraints, beliefs, or structural conditions drove the observable events? Ask: what would have had to be different for the outcome to change? The answer identifies the causal variables.

Step 4: Abstract the Principle Strip away names, technologies, industries, time period, and geographic context. What is the underlying rule this case illustrates? State it as a transferable principle: "When [conditions], [variable] tends to produce [outcome] — because [mechanism]." The mechanism is the crucial part — without it the principle can't be tested or applied intelligently.

Step 5: Test Transferability Under what conditions does this principle apply? List the conditions required. Then assess whether those conditions hold in the current situation. Where they hold, the principle transfers. Where they differ significantly, it may not — or may apply with modification.

Step 6: Apply with Caveats How does the principle apply specifically to the current situation? What would acting on it look like concretely? Name the caveats explicitly — the conditions under which this principle would give the wrong answer.

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Human Check-in

Before proceeding, use the AskUserQuestion tool:

• Question: "How do you want to run this?"
• Header: "Scope"
• Options:
  • Full analysis — Complete all steps, reasoning shown throughout
  • Key findings only — Bottom-line output, skip step-by-step detail
  • Transferable principle only — The single insight most applicable to the current situation
  • Refine the framing — Adjust what we're analyzing before starting

Proceed based on their selection.

Output Format

Case: [specific description — enough detail to work with]

Surface Events: [what happened, in sequence, descriptively]

Underlying Dynamics: [why it happened — the forces and mechanisms that drove the outcome]

Abstract Principle: [the transferable rule, stated without domain-specific language, including the mechanism]

Transferability Assessment

Required Condition	Present in Current Situation?	Notes
[condition the principle requires]	[yes / no / partially]	[specific observation]

Application: [how the principle applies to the current situation — what it implies concretely]

Caveats: [conditions under which this principle would mislead]

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Notes

The principle is wrong if it only describes the original case. Test it against three other cases in different domains — if it doesn't transfer, it's a description, not a principle. Keep abstracting until it does. The mechanism is the hardest and most important element: a principle without a mechanism is an observation, not a lesson.

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What's Next

After delivering this output, use AskUserQuestion to offer the next move:

• Question: "Lessons extracted. What's next?"
• Header: "Next"
• Options:
  • /decision-criteria-weighting — Weight decision criteria by the historical lessons
  • /strategy-positioning — Position to apply what history teaches
  • /systems-leverage-analysis — Find leverage points the historical lessons reveal
  • Done — Wrap up and synthesise what we have so far