converting-html

Converting HTML

Use this when the user wants to turn HTML into clean Markdown (or Djot) — a saved page, an HTML email body, a fragment, or a string. The CLI takes flags only (no subcommands); FILE is positional and stdin is the default input when no file is given.

Basic conversion

# File to stdout
html-to-markdown input.html

# File to a file
html-to-markdown input.html -o output.md

# From stdin
cat page.html | html-to-markdown
echo '<h1>Title</h1><p>Body</p>' | html-to-markdown

The default (no --json) prints plain Markdown text. Use --json only when you need structured metadata/tables (see the extracting-metadata and extracting-tables skills).

Output format

html-to-markdown input.html --output-format markdown   # default
html-to-markdown input.html --output-format djot        # Djot markup
html-to-markdown input.html -f djot                      # short form

To get plain text (no Markdown syntax), strip tags and treat blocks inline:

html-to-markdown input.html --convert-as-inline --strip-tags "script,style"

Heading and code-block styles

Flag	Values	Default	Effect
--heading-style	atx, underlined, atx-closed	atx	# h1 vs h1\n=== vs # h1 #
--code-block-style	backticks, indented, tildes	backticks	Fence style for code blocks
--code-language / -l	string	""	Default language for fenced blocks

html-to-markdown input.html --heading-style underlined --code-block-style tildes

Lists and text formatting

# Bullet characters cycle by nesting depth; indent width 1–8
html-to-markdown input.html --bullets '*+-' --list-indent-width 2

# Indent with tabs instead of spaces
html-to-markdown input.html --list-indent-type tabs

# Emphasis symbol and escaping
html-to-markdown input.html --strong-em-symbol _ --escape-misc

Escaping flags (--escape-asterisks, --escape-underscores, --escape-misc, --escape-ascii) trade readability for strict CommonMark safety. Use --escape-ascii only when the output must round-trip through a strict parser.

Wrapping

html-to-markdown input.html --wrap --wrap-width 100   # off by default; 80 if --wrap with no width

Preprocessing (clean noisy pages)

Strip navigation, ads, and forms before converting — essential for scraped web pages:

html-to-markdown input.html --preprocess                     # standard preset
html-to-markdown input.html --preprocess --preset aggressive  # strip more
html-to-markdown input.html --preprocess --keep-navigation    # keep <nav>
html-to-markdown input.html --preprocess --keep-forms         # keep <form>

Presets: minimal, standard (default), aggressive. --preset, --keep-navigation, and --keep-forms all require --preprocess.

Programmatic equivalents

from html_to_markdown import convert, ConversionOptions, PreprocessingOptions

result = convert(
    html,
    ConversionOptions(heading_style="atx", code_block_style="backticks", wrap=True, wrap_width=100),
    PreprocessingOptions(enabled=True, preset="aggressive"),
)
print(result.content)

use html_to_markdown_rs::{convert, ConversionOptions, HeadingStyle};

let options = ConversionOptions::builder().heading_style(HeadingStyle::Atx).wrap(true).build();
let result = convert(html, Some(options))?;

See ../html-to-markdown/references/cli-reference.md for the full flag set and ../html-to-markdown/references/configuration.md for every option default.