testing-strategy

Testing Strategy Skill

Testing Pyramid Approach

Apply the testing pyramid for balanced coverage:

        /\
       /  \     E2E Tests (10%)
      /----\    - Critical user journeys
     /      \   - Slow but comprehensive
    /--------\  Integration Tests (20%)
   /          \ - Component interactions
  /------------\ - API contracts
 /              \ Unit Tests (70%)
/________________\ - Fast, isolated
                   - Business logic focus

Framework Selection by Language

JavaScript/TypeScript

Type	Recommended	Alternative
Unit	Vitest	Jest
Integration	Vitest + MSW	Jest + SuperTest
E2E	Playwright	Cypress
Component	Testing Library	Enzyme

Python

Type	Recommended	Alternative
Unit	pytest	unittest
Integration	pytest + httpx	pytest + requests
E2E	Playwright	Selenium
API	pytest + FastAPI TestClient	-

Go

Type	Recommended
Unit	testing + testify
Integration	testing + httptest
E2E	testing + chromedp

Test Structure Templates

Unit Test

describe('[Unit] ComponentName', () => {
  describe('methodName', () => {
    it('should [expected behavior] when [condition]', () => {
      // Arrange
      const input = createTestInput();
      
      // Act
      const result = methodName(input);
      
      // Assert
      expect(result).toEqual(expectedOutput);
    });
    
    it('should throw error when [invalid condition]', () => {
      expect(() => methodName(invalidInput)).toThrow(ExpectedError);
    });
  });
});

Integration Test

describe('[Integration] API /users', () => {
  beforeAll(async () => {
    await setupTestDatabase();
  });
  
  afterAll(async () => {
    await teardownTestDatabase();
  });
  
  it('should create user and return 201', async () => {
    const response = await request(app)
      .post('/users')
      .send({ name: 'Test', email: '[email protected]' });
    
    expect(response.status).toBe(201);
    expect(response.body.id).toBeDefined();
  });
});

E2E Test

describe('[E2E] User Registration Flow', () => {
  it('should complete registration successfully', async ({ page }) => {
    await page.goto('/register');
    
    await page.fill('[data-testid="email"]', '[email protected]');
    await page.fill('[data-testid="password"]', 'SecurePass123!');
    await page.click('[data-testid="submit"]');
    
    await expect(page.locator('.welcome-message')).toBeVisible();
    await expect(page).toHaveURL('/dashboard');
  });
});

Coverage Strategy

What to Cover

• ✅ Business logic (100%)
• ✅ Edge cases and error handling (90%+)
• ✅ API contracts (100%)
• ✅ Critical user paths (E2E)
• ⚠️ UI components (snapshot + interaction)
• ❌ Third-party library internals
• ❌ Simple getters/setters

Coverage Thresholds

{
  "coverageThreshold": {
    "global": {
      "branches": 80,
      "functions": 80,
      "lines": 80,
      "statements": 80
    },
    "src/core/": {
      "branches": 95,
      "functions": 95
    }
  }
}

Test Data Management

Factories/Builders

// factories/user.js
export const userFactory = (overrides = {}) => ({
  id: faker.string.uuid(),
  name: faker.person.fullName(),
  email: faker.internet.email(),
  createdAt: new Date(),
  ...overrides,
});

// Usage
const admin = userFactory({ role: 'admin' });

Fixtures

// fixtures/users.json
{
  "validUser": { "name": "Test", "email": "[email protected]" },
  "invalidUser": { "name": "", "email": "invalid" }
}

Mocking Strategy

When to Mock

• ✅ External APIs and services
• ✅ Database in unit tests
• ✅ Time/Date for determinism
• ✅ Random values
• ❌ Internal modules (usually)
• ❌ The code under test

Mock Examples

// API mocking with MSW
import { http, HttpResponse } from 'msw';

export const handlers = [
  http.get('/api/users', () => {
    return HttpResponse.json([
      { id: 1, name: 'John' },
    ]);
  }),
];

// Time mocking
vi.useFakeTimers();
vi.setSystemTime(new Date('2024-01-01'));