design-photography-shot-list

Design Photography Shot List

Build a complete shot list that ensures every required image is captured during a photography session without on-site improvisation gaps.

Why This Is Best Practice

Adopted by: ASMP recommends shot lists as a core professional practice; used universally in commercial, editorial, and wedding photography Impact: ASMP Professional Business Practices (9th edition) cites shot lists as the primary tool for preventing client disputes about missing deliverables — the #1 source of post-shoot conflict

Shot lists transform a creative assignment into a manageable production. They align expectations between photographer and client before the shoot, prevent missed shots under time pressure, and serve as a post-shoot audit checklist. A shot list also enables assistants and second shooters to work independently without needing constant direction.

Steps

1. Define the deliverables with the client — Before building the list, confirm: number of final images expected, intended use (print, web, social, editorial), required aspect ratios, and any mandatory "must-have" shots.
2. Categorize shot types — Group shots by type: establishing/environmental, detail/product, portrait/people, action/process, and contextual/lifestyle. Ensure the list covers all required categories.
3. Sequence by location and logistics — Order shots by location and lighting conditions, not by importance. Group all shots requiring the same setup together to minimize turnaround time.
4. Specify each shot — For each entry: Subject, Angle (eye-level, overhead, low), Framing (wide, medium, close-up), Key Detail (what must be visible), and Lighting Setup (natural, strobe, reflector).
5. Add time estimates — Assign setup and capture time to each shot. Sum to verify the list fits the scheduled session time. Build in 20% buffer for setup, breaks, and unexpected delays.
6. Identify dependencies — Note which shots require talent, specific props, particular lighting, or specific location access. Flag any shot that requires advance coordination.
7. Share with client for approval — Send the shot list 48 hours before the shoot. Client approval turns the list into a contract; it protects both parties.
8. Bring printed copies on set — One for the photographer, one for the art director or client. Check off shots as captured. Note alternates taken for any setup that yielded options.

Rules

• Every shot on the list must have an assigned time slot — an unscheduled shot will be skipped under time pressure.
• Do not finalize the shot list without client sign-off — scope creep on set is more expensive than an extra pre-shoot revision.
• Always include 2-3 "bonus" shots at the end of the list — shots that would be great but are not required. These are cut first if time runs short.
• Digital copy on phone + printed copy on set — power failures, screen glare, and wet conditions make paper indispensable on location.

Examples

Corporate headshot session (4 hours, 10 subjects): Shot list includes per-subject: (1) full-length standing, arms at sides; (2) three-quarter, arms crossed; (3) close-up portrait, natural expression; (4) close-up, smiling. Plus group shots: (5) full team, wide; (6) leadership trio, medium. Total: 46 individual shots + 2 group shots. Sequenced by lighting setup (morning window light → portable strobe for afternoon). Time: 20 min/subject × 10 + 30 min group = 230 min. Session: 240 min with 10 min buffer.

Common Mistakes

• Shot list too vague ("some detail shots") — vague entries get skipped or produce unusable images; every entry needs a specific subject and angle.
• No time budget per shot — sessions run over and clients are unhappy; time estimates are mandatory.
• Building the shot list without client input — photographer's vision and client's requirements diverge; the list must reflect client deliverables.
• Forgetting establishing shots — context images are often the most-used by editorial and marketing teams but are the shots photographers most often skip.

When NOT to Use

• When shooting purely personal or fine-art work with no client deliverables, where spontaneous discovery and improvisation are the creative process.
• When covering breaking news or unscripted documentary events where the scene cannot be predicted or pre-listed and rigid adherence to a list causes missed candid moments.
• When the session is an open-ended creative exploration with a client who has explicitly hired the photographer for their editorial judgment rather than specific prescribed deliverables.