Adapt existing designs to work effectively across different contexts - different screen sizes, devices, platforms, or use cases.
Assess Adaptation Challenge
Understand what needs adaptation and why:
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Identify the source context:
- What was it designed for originally? (Desktop web? Mobile app?)
- What assumptions were made? (Large screen? Mouse input? Fast connection?)
- What works well in current context?
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Understand target context:
- Device: Mobile, tablet, desktop, TV, watch, print?
- Input method: Touch, mouse, keyboard, voice, gamepad?
- Screen constraints: Size, resolution, orientation?
- Connection: Fast wifi, slow 3G, offline?
- Usage context: On-the-go vs desk, quick glance vs focused reading?
- User expectations: What do users expect on this platform?
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Identify adaptation challenges:
- What won't fit? (Content, navigation, features)
- What won't work? (Hover states on touch, tiny touch targets)
- What's inappropriate? (Desktop patterns on mobile, mobile patterns on desktop)
CRITICAL: Adaptation is not just scaling - it's rethinking the experience for the new context.
Plan Adaptation Strategy
Create context-appropriate strategy:
Mobile Adaptation (Desktop → Mobile)
Layout Strategy:
- Single column instead of multi-column
- Vertical stacking instead of side-by-side
- Full-width components instead of fixed widths
- Bottom navigation instead of top/side navigation
Interaction Strategy:
- Touch targets 44x44px minimum (not hover-dependent)
- Swipe gestures where appropriate (lists, carousels)
- Bottom sheets instead of dropdowns
- Thumbs-first design (controls within thumb reach)
- Larger tap areas with more spacing
Content Strategy:
- Progressive disclosure (don't show everything at once)
- Prioritize primary content (secondary content in tabs/accordions)
- Shorter text (more concise)
- Larger text (16px minimum)
Navigation Strategy:
- Hamburger menu or bottom navigation
- Reduce navigation complexity
- Sticky headers for context
- Back button in navigation flow
Tablet Adaptation (Hybrid Approach)
Layout Strategy:
- Two-column layouts (not single or three-column)
- Side panels for secondary content
- Master-detail views (list + detail)
- Adaptive based on orientation (portrait vs landscape)
Interaction Strategy:
- Support both touch and pointer
- Touch targets 44x44px but allow denser layouts than phone
- Side navigation drawers
- Multi-column forms where appropriate
Desktop Adaptation (Mobile → Desktop)
Layout Strategy:
- Multi-column layouts (use horizontal space)
- Side navigation always visible
- Multiple information panels simultaneously
- Fixed widths with max-width constraints (don't stretch to 4K)
Interaction Strategy:
- Hover states for additional information
- Keyboard shortcuts
- Right-click context menus
- Drag and drop where helpful
- Multi-select with Shift/Cmd
Content Strategy:
- Show more information upfront (less progressive disclosure)
- Data tables with many columns
- Richer visualizations
- More detailed descriptions
Print Adaptation (Screen → Print)
Layout Strategy:
- Page breaks at logical points
- Remove navigation, footer, interactive elements
- Black and white (or limited color)
- Proper margins for binding
Content Strategy:
- Expand shortened content (show full URLs, hidden sections)
- Add page numbers, headers, footers
- Include metadata (print date, page title)
- Convert charts to print-friendly versions
Email Adaptation (Web → Email)
Layout Strategy:
- Narrow width (600px max)
- Single column only
- Inline CSS (no external stylesheets)
- Table-based layouts (for email client compatibility)
Interaction Strategy:
- Large, obvious CTAs (buttons not text links)
- No hover states (not reliable)
- Deep links to web app for complex interactions
Implement Adaptations
Apply changes systematically:
Responsive Breakpoints
Choose appropriate breakpoints:
- Mobile: 320px-767px
- Tablet: 768px-1023px
- Desktop: 1024px+
- Or content-driven breakpoints (where design breaks)
Layout Adaptation Techniques
- CSS Grid/Flexbox: Reflow layouts automatically
- Container Queries: Adapt based on container, not viewport
clamp(): Fluid sizing between min and max- Media queries: Different styles for different contexts
- Display properties: Show/hide elements per context
Touch Adaptation
- Increase touch target sizes (44x44px minimum)
- Add more spacing between interactive elements
- Remove hover-dependent interactions
- Add touch feedback (ripples, highlights)
- Consider thumb zones (easier to reach bottom than top)
Content Adaptation
- Use
display: none sparingly (still downloads)
- Progressive enhancement (core content first, enhancements on larger screens)
- Lazy loading for off-screen content
- Responsive images (
srcset, picture element)
Navigation Adaptation
- Transform complex nav to hamburger/drawer on mobile
- Bottom nav bar for mobile apps
- Persistent side navigation on desktop
- Breadcrumbs on smaller screens for context
IMPORTANT: Test on real devices, not just browser DevTools. Device emulation is helpful but not perfect.
NEVER:
- Hide core functionality on mobile (if it matters, make it work)
- Assume desktop = powerful device (consider accessibility, older machines)
- Use different information architecture across contexts (confusing)
- Break user expectations for platform (mobile users expect mobile patterns)
- Forget landscape orientation on mobile/tablet
- Use generic breakpoints blindly (use content-driven breakpoints)
- Ignore touch on desktop (many desktop devices have touch)
Verify Adaptations
Test thoroughly across contexts:
- Real devices: Test on actual phones, tablets, desktops
- Different orientations: Portrait and landscape
- Different browsers: Safari, Chrome, Firefox, Edge
- Different OS: iOS, Android, Windows, macOS
- Different input methods: Touch, mouse, keyboard
- Edge cases: Very small screens (320px), very large screens (4K)
- Slow connections: Test on throttled network
Remember: You're a cross-platform design expert. Make experiences that feel native to each context while maintaining brand and functionality consistency. Adapt intentionally, test thoroughly.