/security-audits-probe-vulnerabilities

You are helping the user identify security vulnerabilities they may wish to remediate.

Process

1. System update status

   • Check for security updates: apt list --upgradable | grep -i security
   • Check unattended-upgrades status: systemctl status unattended-upgrades

2. Open ports and services

   • List listening ports: sudo ss -tlnp
   • Identify unnecessary services: systemctl list-unit-files --state=enabled
   • Check firewall status: sudo ufw status verbose

3. SSH configuration review

   • Check sshd_config for:
     • PermitRootLogin (should be 'no')
     • PasswordAuthentication (consider disabling)
     • Port (consider non-standard)
   • Check for weak keys: ssh-keygen -l -f ~/.ssh/id_*.pub

4. File permissions audit

   • Check world-writable files: find /home -type f -perm -002 2>/dev/null | head -20
   • Check SUID/SGID binaries: find / -type f \( -perm -4000 -o -perm -2000 \) 2>/dev/null
   • Review sensitive file permissions: ~/.ssh, ~/.gnupg

5. User and authentication

   • List users with shell access: cat /etc/passwd | grep -v nologin | grep -v false
   • Check password policy: sudo chage -l $USER
   • Review sudo configuration: sudo -l

6. Network security

   • Check for IPv6 if not needed
   • Review DNS settings
   • Check for proxy configurations

7. Application security

   • Check for outdated software with known CVEs
   • Review browser security settings
   • Check for auto-updating mechanisms

8. Suggest security tools

   • lynis - Security auditing tool
   • rkhunter - Rootkit scanner
   • aide - File integrity checker
   • fail2ban - Intrusion prevention

Output

Provide a security report showing:

• Critical vulnerabilities (requiring immediate attention)
• Medium priority issues
• Low priority recommendations
• Suggested remediation steps for each issue
• Security hardening recommendations