Agent Builder Skill

Patterns for building Claude Code agent definitions (the .md files in agents/).

When to Use

• Creating a new agent .md file in the agents/ directory
• Configuring frontmatter (tools, model, permissions) for an agent
• Designing multi-agent orchestration with subagent dispatch
• Writing agent descriptions for accurate routing by the orchestrator

Agent File Structure

Every agent is a markdown file with YAML frontmatter followed by instructions.

---
name: my-agent-name
description: >
  One-paragraph description that the orchestrator uses for routing.
  Include trigger words and differentiate from peer agents.
tools:
  - Read
  - Write
  - Edit
  - Bash
  - Grep
  - Glob
  - Agent
model: claude-sonnet-4-20250514
maxTurns: 30
skills:
  - nestjs-patterns
  - react-patterns
memory: project
permissionMode: auto
---

# Agent Name

## Role
What this agent does and when it is activated.

## Instructions
Step-by-step behavior the agent must follow.

## Rules
Hard constraints the agent must never violate.

Frontmatter Fields Reference

Field	Required	Purpose
name	Yes	Unique identifier, kebab-case
description	Yes	Routing text -- orchestrator reads this to decide dispatch
tools	Yes	Array of tools the agent can use
model	No	Model override (defaults to session model)
maxTurns	No	Maximum conversation turns before stopping
skills	No	Array of skill names to load as context
memory	No	File paths loaded into context at startup
permissionMode	No	auto (no confirmations) or default (ask user)

Tool Selection by Role

Implementer agents (write code):

tools: [Read, Write, Edit, Bash, Grep, Glob]

Reviewer agents (read-only analysis):

tools: [Read, Grep, Glob, Bash]

Never give Write/Edit to reviewers -- enforces separation of concerns.

Orchestrator agents (delegate work):

tools: [Read, Grep, Glob, Agent, Bash]

Orchestrators dispatch via the Agent tool, rarely write code directly.

Explorer agents (research and planning):

tools: [Read, Grep, Glob, WebSearch, WebFetch, Bash]

Model Routing

Agent Role	Recommended Model	Reason
Orchestrator	claude-opus-4-20250514	Complex planning, multi-step reasoning
Senior engineer	claude-opus-4-20250514	Architecture decisions, code review
Implementer	claude-sonnet-4-20250514	Fast, accurate code generation
Explorer/researcher	claude-sonnet-4-20250514	Efficient information gathering
Simple utility	claude-haiku-235-20250514	File scanning, formatting, classification

Writing Descriptions for Routing

The description field is the single most important field for routing. The orchestrator reads descriptions of all agents to decide which one handles a task.

Good description (specific triggers, clear scope):

description: >
  Implement NestJS backend features -- controllers, services, DTOs,
  database entities, and unit tests. Handles API endpoints, middleware,
  guards, and Prisma/TypeORM integration. Does NOT handle frontend,
  mobile, or infrastructure.

Bad description (vague, overlaps with peers):

description: >
  A helpful developer agent that writes code and fixes bugs.

Routing tips:

• Include technology keywords the orchestrator will match on (NestJS, React, Flutter)
• State what the agent does NOT do to prevent false matches
• Use action verbs: "implement", "review", "deploy", "test"
• Differentiate from peer agents explicitly

Subagent Dispatch Pattern

Orchestrators use the Agent tool to delegate to specialists:

• Set subagent_type to the agent name from agents/ directory
• Set prompt to a clear task with file paths and acceptance criteria
• For cross-service tasks, dispatch sequentially: backend first, then frontend
• After each subagent completes, verify output before dispatching next

Agent Teams (Experimental)

For peer-to-peer coordination, agents use SendMessage instead of going through an orchestrator. Backend agent sends API contract updates to frontend agent; each agent operates autonomously but stays synchronized.

Anti-Patterns

• God agent with all tools and no focus -- split into specialist roles
• Missing negative routing in description -- causes false dispatch matches
• Write/Edit tools on reviewer agents -- reviewers must be read-only
• Haiku for orchestrators -- orchestrators need strong reasoning (use Opus)
• No maxTurns limit -- always set a ceiling to prevent runaway agents
• Hardcoded file paths in agent instructions -- use Grep/Glob to discover paths
• Skills list with 10+ entries -- agents with too much context lose focus

Checklist

• Agent name is unique and kebab-case
• Description includes trigger words for accurate routing
• Description states what the agent does NOT handle
• Tool selection matches the agent's role (implementer vs reviewer)
• Model selection justified (Opus for reasoning, Sonnet for execution)
• maxTurns is set (recommended: 15-30 for implementers, 50 for orchestrators)
• Skills list is focused (3-5 relevant skills, not everything)
• Memory files exist and are relevant to the agent's domain
• Agent instructions include explicit rules and constraints
• Tested: orchestrator routes to this agent for expected trigger phrases