toolbars

SwiftUI Toolbars

Modern toolbar patterns for SwiftUI apps. Covers customizable toolbars, enhanced search integration, new placements, transition effects, and platform-specific considerations.

When This Skill Activates

Use this skill when the user:

• Wants to add or customize toolbars
• Asks about customizable/user-configurable toolbars
• Needs search field in toolbar with specific placement
• Wants toolbar item transitions or animations
• Asks about toolbar placements (bottomBar, largeSubtitle, etc.)
• Needs platform-specific toolbar behavior (iOS vs macOS)
• Wants to reposition system toolbar items (search, sidebar)

Decision Tree

What toolbar feature do you need?
|
+- User-customizable toolbar (add/remove/reorder items)
|  +- Use .toolbar(id:) with ToolbarItem(id:)
|
+- Search field in toolbar
|  +- Minimize to button -> .searchToolbarBehavior(.minimize)
|  +- Reposition search -> DefaultToolbarItem(kind: .search, placement:)
|
+- Toolbar transition/animation
|  +- Zoom transition from toolbar item -> .matchedTransitionSource(id:in:)
|  +- Hide glass background -> .sharedBackgroundVisibility(.hidden)
|
+- Custom subtitle area content
|  +- Use ToolbarItem(placement: .largeSubtitle)
|
+- System toolbar items with custom placement
|  +- DefaultToolbarItem(kind: .search/.sidebar, placement:)

API Availability

API	Minimum Version	Notes
.toolbar { }	iOS 14	Basic toolbar
ToolbarItem(placement:)	iOS 14	Standard placements
.toolbar(id:)	iOS 16	Customizable toolbars
ToolbarItem(id:)	iOS 16	Items in customizable toolbars
ToolbarSpacer	iOS 16	Fixed and flexible spacers
.searchable()	iOS 15	Search integration
.searchToolbarBehavior(.minimize)	iOS 17	Minimized search button
DefaultToolbarItem(kind:placement:)	iOS 18	Reposition system items
ToolbarItem(placement: .largeSubtitle)	iOS 18	Subtitle area content
.matchedTransitionSource(id:in:)	iOS 18	Toolbar transition source
.sharedBackgroundVisibility()	iOS 18	Glass background control

Customizable Toolbars

Allow users to personalize toolbar items by adding, removing, and rearranging:

ContentView()
    .toolbar(id: "main-toolbar") {
        ToolbarItem(id: "tag") {
            TagButton()
        }
        ToolbarItem(id: "share") {
            ShareButton()
        }
        ToolbarSpacer(.fixed)
        ToolbarItem(id: "more") {
            MoreButton()
        }
    }

Toolbar Spacers

ToolbarSpacer(.fixed)      // Fixed-width space
ToolbarSpacer(.flexible)   // Flexible space — pushes items apart

Anti-Patterns

// ❌ Missing IDs in customizable toolbar — items can't be customized
.toolbar(id: "main") {
    ToolbarItem {           // No id parameter
        ShareButton()
    }
}

// ✅ Every item needs its own ID
.toolbar(id: "main") {
    ToolbarItem(id: "share") {
        ShareButton()
    }
}

Enhanced Search Integration

Minimized Search

Renders search field as a compact button that expands on tap:

@State private var searchText = ""

NavigationStack {
    RecipeList()
        .searchable(text: $searchText)
        .searchToolbarBehavior(.minimize)
}

Repositioning Search

Move the default search field to a different toolbar position:

NavigationSplitView {
    AllCalendarsView()
} detail: {
    SelectedCalendarView()
        .searchable(text: $query)
        .toolbar {
            ToolbarItem(placement: .bottomBar) {
                CalendarPicker()
            }
            ToolbarItem(placement: .bottomBar) {
                Invites()
            }
            DefaultToolbarItem(kind: .search, placement: .bottomBar)
            ToolbarSpacer(placement: .bottomBar)
            ToolbarItem(placement: .bottomBar) {
                NewEventButton()
            }
        }
}

System-Defined Toolbar Items

Reposition system items with custom placements:

.toolbar {
    DefaultToolbarItem(kind: .search, placement: .bottomBar)
    DefaultToolbarItem(kind: .sidebar, placement: .navigationBarLeading)
}

Large Subtitle Placement

Place custom content in the navigation bar subtitle area:

NavigationStack {
    DetailView()
        .navigationTitle("Title")
        .navigationSubtitle("Subtitle")
        .toolbar {
            ToolbarItem(placement: .largeSubtitle) {
                CustomLargeNavigationSubtitle()
            }
        }
}

The .largeSubtitle placement takes precedence over the value provided to navigationSubtitle(_:).

Transition Effects

Matched Transition from Toolbar

Create zoom transitions originating from a toolbar button:

struct ContentView: View {
    @State private var isPresented = false
    @Namespace private var namespace

    var body: some View {
        NavigationStack {
            DetailView()
                .toolbar {
                    ToolbarItem(placement: .topBarTrailing) {
                        Button("Show Sheet", systemImage: "globe") {
                            isPresented = true
                        }
                    }
                    .matchedTransitionSource(id: "world", in: namespace)
                }
                .sheet(isPresented: $isPresented) {
                    SheetView()
                        .navigationTransition(
                            .zoom(sourceID: "world", in: namespace))
                }
        }
    }
}

Glass Background Control

Control the shared glass background on toolbar items:

ContentView()
    .toolbar(id: "main") {
        ToolbarItem(id: "build-status", placement: .principal) {
            BuildStatus()
        }
        .sharedBackgroundVisibility(.hidden)
    }

Top 5 Mistakes

#	Mistake	Fix
1	Missing id on ToolbarItem in customizable toolbar	Every item in .toolbar(id:) must have its own id parameter
2	Using .searchToolbarBehavior(.minimize) without .searchable()	Must pair with .searchable() modifier — .minimize only affects rendering
3	Putting .matchedTransitionSource on the Button instead of ToolbarItem	Apply .matchedTransitionSource(id:in:) on the ToolbarItem, not its content
4	Using .largeSubtitle alongside .navigationSubtitle() expecting both to show	.largeSubtitle takes precedence — the subtitle modifier value is hidden
5	Forgetting placement: on DefaultToolbarItem	Without explicit placement, system items use their default position

Platform Considerations

Platform	Recommendations
iOS	Bottom bar useful on iPhones. Use .searchToolbarBehavior(.minimize) for space efficiency.
iPadOS	Customizable toolbars valuable in productivity apps. Consider keyboard shortcuts.
macOS	Users expect toolbar customization. Use spacers for logical groupings.

Review Checklist

Customizable Toolbars

• .toolbar(id:) has a unique, stable string identifier
• Every ToolbarItem within has its own unique id
• Spacers used to create logical groups of related items
• Toolbar tested with customization panel (long-press on iPadOS, right-click on macOS)

Search Integration

• .searchable() paired with appropriate .searchToolbarBehavior()
• Search placement makes sense for the platform (bottom bar on iOS, toolbar on macOS)
• DefaultToolbarItem(kind: .search) used when repositioning is needed

Transitions

• .matchedTransitionSource applied to ToolbarItem, not its content view
• Namespace declared with @Namespace at the view level
• Source ID matches between .matchedTransitionSource and .navigationTransition(.zoom)

Platform

• Toolbar layouts tested on both iOS and macOS (if multiplatform)
• Bottom bar items appropriate for small screens
• Customizable toolbars provided for complex macOS apps

References

• SwiftUI ToolbarItemPlacement
• SwiftUI CustomizableToolbarContent
• SwiftUI SearchToolbarBehavior
• SwiftUI DefaultToolbarItem
• SwiftUI ToolbarSpacer