liquidity-nsfr

NSFR FORMULA

NSFR = Available Stable Funding (ASF) / Required Stable Funding (RSF) >= 100%

Purpose: Ensure banks maintain a stable funding profile over a 1-year time horizon, reducing dependence on short-term wholesale funding that evaporated in 2008.

AVAILABLE STABLE FUNDING (ASF) — FACTOR TABLE

Funding Category	ASF Factor
Tier 1 and Tier 2 capital instruments	100%
Other capital instruments with residual maturity >= 1 year	100%
Stable retail deposits (insured) with maturity < 1 year	95%
Less stable retail deposits with maturity < 1 year	90%
Wholesale funding from non-financial corporates >= 1 year	50%
Wholesale funding from non-financial corporates < 1 year	50%
Operational deposits (wholesale)	50%
Debt securities with residual maturity >= 1 year issued to retail	100%
Debt securities with residual maturity >= 1 year (non-retail)	100%
Other wholesale funding with residual maturity >= 6 months but < 1 year	30%
Other wholesale funding with residual maturity < 6 months (financial institutions)	0%
Other wholesale funding with residual maturity < 6 months (non-financial)	50%
All other liabilities (derivatives, deferred tax, etc.)	0%

ASF = Sum (Funding amount x ASF factor)

REQUIRED STABLE FUNDING (RSF) — FACTOR TABLE

Asset Category	RSF Factor
Cash and unencumbered Level 1 HQLA	0%
Unencumbered Level 2A HQLA	15%
Unencumbered Level 2B HQLA (RMBS)	25%
Unencumbered Level 2B HQLA (other)	50%
Unencumbered loans to financial institutions < 6 months	10%
Unencumbered loans to financial institutions >= 6 months, < 1 year	15%
Unencumbered performing loans to non-financial corporates < 1 year	50%
Unencumbered performing loans to retail/SME < 1 year	50%
Unencumbered performing residential mortgages >= 1 year, RW <= 35%	65%
Unencumbered performing loans to non-financial corporates >= 1 year	65%
Unencumbered performing loans to retail/SME >= 1 year, not RW <= 35%	85%
Non-HQLA securities	50%
Non-performing loans (any maturity)	100% (net of provisions)
Fixed assets (PP&E, goodwill, intangibles)	100%
Off-balance-sheet: undrawn committed facilities	5%
Derivatives: net positive fair value	100%
All other assets	100%

RSF = Sum (Asset / off-balance-sheet amount x RSF factor)

NSFR WORKED EXAMPLE

Item	Amount (M)	Factor	Weighted (M)
ASF Side
CET1 + AT1 + T2 capital	5,000	100%	5,000
Stable retail deposits	20,000	95%	19,000
Less stable retail deposits	8,000	90%	7,200
Wholesale NFC < 1 year	6,000	50%	3,000
Wholesale FI < 6 months	4,000	0%	0
Senior debt >= 1 year	3,000	100%	3,000
Total ASF			37,200
RSF Side
Cash + central bank reserves	6,000	0%	0
Level 2A sovereign bonds	2,000	15%	300
Performing mortgages >= 1 yr (RW <= 35%)	15,000	65%	9,750
Performing corporate loans >= 1 yr	10,000	65%	6,500
Performing retail/SME >= 1 yr	5,000	85%	4,250
Non-performing loans (net)	1,000	100%	1,000
Fixed assets	500	100%	500
Off-BS undrawn commitments	8,000	5%	400
Other assets	2,000	100%	2,000
Total RSF			24,700
NSFR			150.6%

In this example NSFR = 37,200 / 24,700 = 150.6% — well above the 100% minimum.

NSFR INTERPRETATION

NSFR > 100%: Stable funding surplus. Bank can absorb funding stress for > 1 year. NSFR 100–105%: Meeting minimum but limited buffer. Review funding strategy. NSFR < 100%: Regulatory breach. Immediate remediation required.

Management targets: Most major banks target 105–115% NSFR.

NSFR vs. LCR — KEY DISTINCTION

LCR: Measures ability to survive a 30-day acute stress (short-term liquidity) NSFR: Measures structural funding stability over 1 year (medium-term liquidity) A bank can pass LCR but fail NSFR if it has short-term HQLA but mismatched long-term funding (long assets, short liabilities structurally). Both metrics are required simultaneously — they address different risk horizons.

ENCUMBERED ASSETS

Encumbered assets (pledged as collateral, subject to repo, in securitisation pool) receive a RSF factor based on the remaining term of the encumbrance: Encumbered for >= 1 year: 100% RSF Encumbered for 6 months–1 year: the RSF factor of unencumbered equivalent Encumbered for < 6 months: the RSF factor of unencumbered equivalent

COMMON NSFR MANAGEMENT ACTIONS

When NSFR is under pressure, banks typically consider:

• Issue longer-term debt (converts 0% ASF short-term into 100% ASF long-term)
• Grow retail deposit base (95% ASF factor vs 0% for short-term wholesale)
• Reduce long-dated illiquid assets (lowers RSF requirement)
• Securitise mortgage or loan portfolios (removes assets from balance sheet)
• Increase central bank reserve holdings (0% RSF, funded by term liabilities)

OUTPUT FORMAT — NSFR REPORT

NSFR CALCULATION REPORT
As at:              [YYYY-MM-DD]
Entity:             [Bank / Group name]
Currency:           [Reporting currency]

AVAILABLE STABLE FUNDING (ASF)
  Capital instruments:              [Amount] x 100% = [Weighted]
  Stable retail deposits:           [Amount] x 95%  = [Weighted]
  Less stable retail deposits:      [Amount] x 90%  = [Weighted]
  Wholesale NFC >= 1 year:          [Amount] x 50%  = [Weighted]
  Other wholesale >= 6M < 1 year:   [Amount] x 30%  = [Weighted]
  Short-term wholesale (FI):        [Amount] x 0%   = [Weighted]
  TOTAL ASF:                        [Total]

REQUIRED STABLE FUNDING (RSF)
  Cash and Level 1 HQLA:            [Amount] x 0%   = [Weighted]
  Level 2 HQLA:                     [Amount] x 15%  = [Weighted]
  Performing mortgages:              [Amount] x 65%  = [Weighted]
  Performing corporate loans:        [Amount] x 65%  = [Weighted]
  Non-performing loans:              [Amount] x 100% = [Weighted]
  Off-balance-sheet commitments:     [Amount] x 5%   = [Weighted]
  TOTAL RSF:                        [Total]

NSFR:                               [ASF / RSF] = [Ratio]%
Regulatory Minimum:                 100%
Management Target:                  [Target]%
Buffer over Minimum:                [Ratio - 100]%

NEVER DO THESE

• NEVER confuse NSFR with LCR — NSFR addresses 1-year structural funding, LCR addresses 30-day acute stress; using LCR factors for NSFR calculation produces materially wrong results
• NEVER assign a non-zero ASF factor to short-term wholesale funding from financial institutions (< 6 months) — the factor is 0% because this funding is assumed to disappear entirely in stress
• NEVER ignore the RSF charge on off-balance-sheet committed facilities — the 5% RSF factor applies to the full undrawn amount and is material for banks with large commitment books
• NEVER treat encumbered assets the same as unencumbered — encumbered assets receive 100% RSF if the encumbrance exceeds 1 year, regardless of the underlying asset quality

ALL OUTPUTS REQUIRE REVIEW BY A QUALIFIED PROFESSIONAL BEFORE USE IN REGULATORY FILINGS OR BUSINESS DECISIONS.