Expert guidance for creating and managing Google Analytics 4 custom dimensions and metrics including event-scoped, user-scoped, and item-scoped dimensions with proper registration and scoping. Use when registering custom parameters as custom dimensions, understanding scope differences (event vs user vs item), creating custom dimensions in GA4 Admin, troubleshooting why custom dimensions aren't appearing in reports, working with custom metrics, implementing calculated metrics, or managing dimension limits (25 user-scoped, 50 event-scoped in standard GA4).
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assets/dimension-registration-templates.mdreferences/custom-metrics-guide.mdreferences/dimension-limits-quotas.mdreferences/dimension-registration-steps.mdreferences/dimension-troubleshooting.mdreferences/scopes-complete-guide.mdCustom dimensions and metrics enable transformation of event parameters into reportable fields in GA4. This skill covers the complete workflow: sending parameters in events, registering them as dimensions, selecting correct scopes, and troubleshooting missing data.
All custom parameters remain invisible in GA4 reports until registered as custom dimensions. Registration requires understanding three scope types (event, user, item), following naming conventions, and accounting for the 24-48 hour processing delay.
Invoke this skill when:
GA4 uses three scopes that determine what data the parameter applies to:
Applies To: Individual event occurrence Lifespan: That specific event only Use: Event-specific information
Event-scoped dimensions track data unique to each event. Once registered, they appear only for that event type in reports.
gtag('event', 'button_click', {
'button_name': 'Subscribe', // Event-scoped
'button_location': 'header', // Event-scoped
'button_id': 'btn_subscribe_01' // Event-scoped
});
Examples: Which form was submitted? What video was watched? Which page in sequence? Which button was clicked?
Applies To: All events from that user Lifespan: Session persistence (until cleared) Use: User attributes that persist
User-scoped dimensions (user properties) apply to every event from that user during the session. Set once, they persist across multiple events.
gtag('set', {
'subscription_tier': 'premium', // User-scoped
'customer_lifetime_value': 5000, // User-scoped
'preferred_language': 'en' // User-scoped
});
Examples: What subscription level? What's customer lifetime value? What language preference? What company size?
Applies To: Individual items in ecommerce events Lifespan: That transaction only Use: Product-specific information
Item-scoped dimensions apply only to products in purchase, add_to_cart, and related ecommerce events.
gtag('event', 'purchase', {
'items': [
{
'item_id': 'SKU_123',
'item_name': 'Blue T-Shirt',
'item_color': 'blue', // Item-scoped
'item_size': 'large', // Item-scoped
'supplier': 'Vendor A' // Item-scoped
}
]
});
Examples: Which color was purchased? What size items sell best? Which supplier's products? Product quality rating?
Send the parameter in either gtag.js event call, gtag('set') for user properties, or in items array:
// Event parameter
gtag('event', 'watch_video', {
'video_duration': 1200,
'video_quality': 'hd'
});
// User parameter
gtag('set', {
'customer_segment': 'enterprise'
});
// Item parameter
gtag('event', 'purchase', {
'items': [{
'item_id': 'SKU_123',
'supplier': 'Vendor A' // NEW parameter
}]
});
Before registration, confirm the parameter appears in DebugView:
Navigate to Admin → Data Display → Custom Definitions:
Critical: Custom dimensions don't appear in reports immediately. Wait 24-48 hours for:
Do not create duplicate dimensions while waiting.
After 24-48 hours, access custom dimensions:
Standard GA4 Property limits:
GA4 360 properties have higher limits (100 user, 125 event, 25 item). Plan dimensions strategically.
Create metrics for numerical tracking:
gtag('event', 'video_watched', {
'video_title': 'GA4 Tutorial',
'minutes_watched': 45, // METRIC
'completion_rate': 85 // METRIC
});
Register in Custom Definitions:
Create metrics derived from mathematical operations on existing metrics:
Calculated Metric: "Revenue per User"
= revenue / users
Calculated Metric: "Conversion Rate"
= conversions / sessions * 100
Create in Custom Definitions:
revenue / usersCustom dimension doesn't appear after 48 hours:
Parameter appears in DebugView but not in reports:
Dimension quota exceeded:
Multiple users show same custom dimension value:
Scope Selection Matrix:
Registration Process:
Parameter Limits:
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