Build & Deploy Power Automate Flows with FlowStudio MCP

Step-by-step guide for constructing and deploying Power Automate cloud flows programmatically through the FlowStudio MCP server.

Prerequisite: A FlowStudio MCP server must be reachable with a valid JWT. See the flowstudio-power-automate-mcp skill for connection setup.
Subscribe at https://mcp.flowstudio.app

---

Source of Truth

Always call tools/list first to confirm available tool names and their parameter schemas. Tool names and parameters may change between server versions. This skill covers response shapes, behavioral notes, and build patterns — things tools/list cannot tell you. If this document disagrees with tools/list or a real API response, the API wins.

---

Python Helper

import json, urllib.request

MCP_URL   = "https://mcp.flowstudio.app/mcp"
MCP_TOKEN = "<YOUR_JWT_TOKEN>"

def mcp(tool, **kwargs):
    payload = json.dumps({"jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": 1, "method": "tools/call",
                          "params": {"name": tool, "arguments": kwargs}}).encode()
    req = urllib.request.Request(MCP_URL, data=payload,
        headers={"x-api-key": MCP_TOKEN, "Content-Type": "application/json",
                 "User-Agent": "FlowStudio-MCP/1.0"})
    try:
        resp = urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=120)
    except urllib.error.HTTPError as e:
        body = e.read().decode("utf-8", errors="replace")
        raise RuntimeError(f"MCP HTTP {e.code}: {body[:200]}") from e
    raw = json.loads(resp.read())
    if "error" in raw:
        raise RuntimeError(f"MCP error: {json.dumps(raw['error'])}")
    return json.loads(raw["result"]["content"][0]["text"])

ENV = "<environment-id>"  # e.g. Default-xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx

---

Step 1 — Safety Check: Does the Flow Already Exist?

Always look before you build to avoid duplicates:

results = mcp("list_store_flows",
    environmentName=ENV, searchTerm="My New Flow")

# list_store_flows returns a direct array (no wrapper object)
if len(results) > 0:
    # Flow exists — modify rather than create
    # id format is "envId.flowId" — split to get the flow UUID
    FLOW_ID = results[0]["id"].split(".", 1)[1]
    print(f"Existing flow: {FLOW_ID}")
    defn = mcp("get_live_flow", environmentName=ENV, flowName=FLOW_ID)
else:
    print("Flow not found — building from scratch")
    FLOW_ID = None

---

Step 2 — Obtain Connection References

Every connector action needs a connectionName that points to a key in the flow's connectionReferences map. That key links to an authenticated connection in the environment.

MANDATORY: You MUST call list_live_connections first — do NOT ask the user for connection names or GUIDs. The API returns the exact values you need. Only prompt the user if the API confirms that required connections are missing.

2a — Always call list_live_connections first

conns = mcp("list_live_connections", environmentName=ENV)

# Filter to connected (authenticated) connections only
active = [c for c in conns["connections"]
          if c["statuses"][0]["status"] == "Connected"]

# Build a lookup: connectorName → connectionName (id)
conn_map = {}
for c in active:
    conn_map[c["connectorName"]] = c["id"]

print(f"Found {len(active)} active connections")
print("Available connectors:", list(conn_map.keys()))

2b — Determine which connectors the flow needs

Based on the flow you are building, identify which connectors are required. Common connector API names:

Connector	API name
SharePoint	shared_sharepointonline
Outlook / Office 365	shared_office365
Teams	shared_teams
Approvals	shared_approvals
OneDrive for Business	shared_onedriveforbusiness
Excel Online (Business)	shared_excelonlinebusiness
Dataverse	shared_commondataserviceforapps
Microsoft Forms	shared_microsoftforms

Flows that need NO connections (e.g. Recurrence + Compose + HTTP only) can skip the rest of Step 2 — omit connectionReferences from the deploy call.

2c — If connections are missing, guide the user

connectors_needed = ["shared_sharepointonline", "shared_office365"]  # adjust per flow

missing = [c for c in connectors_needed if c not in conn_map]

if not missing:
    print("✅ All required connections are available — proceeding to build")
else:
    # ── STOP: connections must be created interactively ──
    # Connections require OAuth consent in a browser — no API can create them.
    print("⚠️  The following connectors have no active connection in this environment:")
    for c in missing:
        friendly = c.replace("shared_", "").replace("onlinebusiness", " Online (Business)")
        print(f"   • {friendly}  (API name: {c})")
    print()
    print("Please create the missing connections:")
    print("  1. Open https://make.powerautomate.com/connections")
    print("  2. Select the correct environment from the top-right picker")
    print("  3. Click '+ New connection' for each missing connector listed above")
    print("  4. Sign in and authorize when prompted")
    print("  5. Tell me when done — I will re-check and continue building")
    # DO NOT proceed to Step 3 until the user confirms.
    # After user confirms, re-run Step 2a to refresh conn_map.

2d — Build the connectionReferences block

Only execute this after 2c confirms no missing connectors:

connection_references = {}
for connector in connectors_needed:
    connection_references[connector] = {
        "connectionName": conn_map[connector],   # the GUID from list_live_connections
        "source": "Invoker",
        "id": f"/providers/Microsoft.PowerApps/apis/{connector}"
    }

IMPORTANT — host.connectionName in actions: When building actions in Step 3, set host.connectionName to the key from this map (e.g. shared_teams), NOT the connection GUID. The GUID only goes inside the connectionReferences entry. The engine matches the action's host.connectionName to the key to find the right connection.

Alternative — if you already have a flow using the same connectors, you can extract connectionReferences from its definition:

ref_flow = mcp("get_live_flow", environmentName=ENV, flowName="<existing-flow-id>")
connection_references = ref_flow["properties"]["connectionReferences"]

See the power-automate-mcp skill's connection-references.md reference for the full connection reference structure.

---

Step 3 — Build the Flow Definition

Construct the definition object. See flow-schema.md for the full schema and these action pattern references for copy-paste templates:

• action-patterns-core.md — Variables, control flow, expressions
• action-patterns-data.md — Array transforms, HTTP, parsing
• action-patterns-connectors.md — SharePoint, Outlook, Teams, Approvals

definition = {
    "$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/providers/Microsoft.Logic/schemas/2016-06-01/workflowdefinition.json#",
    "contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
    "triggers": { ... },   # see trigger-types.md / build-patterns.md
    "actions": { ... }     # see ACTION-PATTERNS-*.md / build-patterns.md
}

See build-patterns.md for complete, ready-to-use flow definitions covering Recurrence+SharePoint+Teams, HTTP triggers, and more.

---

Step 4 — Deploy (Create or Update)

update_live_flow handles both creation and updates in a single tool.

Create a new flow (no existing flow)

Omit flowName — the server generates a new GUID and creates via PUT:

result = mcp("update_live_flow",
    environmentName=ENV,
    # flowName omitted → creates a new flow
    definition=definition,
    connectionReferences=connection_references,
    displayName="Overdue Invoice Notifications",
    description="Weekly SharePoint → Teams notification flow, built by agent"
)

if result.get("error") is not None:
    print("Create failed:", result["error"])
else:
    # Capture the new flow ID for subsequent steps
    FLOW_ID = result["created"]
    print(f"✅ Flow created: {FLOW_ID}")

Update an existing flow

Provide flowName to PATCH:

result = mcp("update_live_flow",
    environmentName=ENV,
    flowName=FLOW_ID,
    definition=definition,
    connectionReferences=connection_references,
    displayName="My Updated Flow",
    description="Updated by agent on " + __import__('datetime').datetime.utcnow().isoformat()
)

if result.get("error") is not None:
    print("Update failed:", result["error"])
else:
    print("Update succeeded:", result)

⚠️ update_live_flow always returns an error key. null (Python None) means success — do not treat the presence of the key as failure.

⚠️ description is required for both create and update.

Common deployment errors

Error message (contains)	Cause	Fix
missing from connectionReferences	An action's host.connectionName references a key that doesn't exist in the connectionReferences map	Ensure host.connectionName uses the key from connectionReferences (e.g. shared_teams), not the raw GUID
ConnectionAuthorizationFailed / 403	The connection GUID belongs to another user or is not authorized	Re-run Step 2a and use a connection owned by the current x-api-key user
InvalidTemplate / InvalidDefinition	Syntax error in the definition JSON	Check runAfter chains, expression syntax, and action type spelling
ConnectionNotConfigured	A connector action exists but the connection GUID is invalid or expired	Re-check list_live_connections for a fresh GUID

---

Step 5 — Verify the Deployment

check = mcp("get_live_flow", environmentName=ENV, flowName=FLOW_ID)

# Confirm state
print("State:", check["properties"]["state"])  # Should be "Started"

# Confirm the action we added is there
acts = check["properties"]["definition"]["actions"]
print("Actions:", list(acts.keys()))

---

Step 6 — Test the Flow

MANDATORY: Before triggering any test run, ask the user for confirmation. Running a flow has real side effects — it may send emails, post Teams messages, write to SharePoint, start approvals, or call external APIs. Explain what the flow will do and wait for explicit approval before calling trigger_live_flow or resubmit_live_flow_run.

Updated flows (have prior runs)

The fastest path — resubmit the most recent run:

runs = mcp("get_live_flow_runs", environmentName=ENV, flowName=FLOW_ID, top=1)
if runs:
    result = mcp("resubmit_live_flow_run",
        environmentName=ENV, flowName=FLOW_ID, runName=runs[0]["name"])
    print(result)

Flows already using an HTTP trigger

Fire directly with a test payload:

schema = mcp("get_live_flow_http_schema",
    environmentName=ENV, flowName=FLOW_ID)
print("Expected body:", schema.get("triggerSchema"))

result = mcp("trigger_live_flow",
    environmentName=ENV, flowName=FLOW_ID,
    body={"name": "Test", "value": 1})
print(f"Status: {result['status']}")

Brand-new non-HTTP flows (Recurrence, connector triggers, etc.)

A brand-new Recurrence or connector-triggered flow has no runs to resubmit and no HTTP endpoint to call. Deploy with a temporary HTTP trigger first, test the actions, then swap to the production trigger.

7a — Save the real trigger, deploy with a temporary HTTP trigger

# Save the production trigger you built in Step 3
production_trigger = definition["triggers"]

# Replace with a temporary HTTP trigger
definition["triggers"] = {
    "manual": {
        "type": "Request",
        "kind": "Http",
        "inputs": {
            "schema": {}
        }
    }
}

# Deploy (create or update) with the temp trigger
result = mcp("update_live_flow",
    environmentName=ENV,
    flowName=FLOW_ID,       # omit if creating new
    definition=definition,
    connectionReferences=connection_references,
    displayName="Overdue Invoice Notifications",
    description="Deployed with temp HTTP trigger for testing")

if result.get("error") is not None:
    print("Deploy failed:", result["error"])
else:
    if not FLOW_ID:
        FLOW_ID = result["created"]
    print(f"✅ Deployed with temp HTTP trigger: {FLOW_ID}")

7b — Fire the flow and check the result

# Trigger the flow
test = mcp("trigger_live_flow",
    environmentName=ENV, flowName=FLOW_ID)
print(f"Trigger response status: {test['status']}")

# Wait for the run to complete
import time; time.sleep(15)

# Check the run result
runs = mcp("get_live_flow_runs",
    environmentName=ENV, flowName=FLOW_ID, top=1)
run = runs[0]
print(f"Run {run['name']}: {run['status']}")

if run["status"] == "Failed":
    err = mcp("get_live_flow_run_error",
        environmentName=ENV, flowName=FLOW_ID, runName=run["name"])
    root = err["failedActions"][-1]
    print(f"Root cause: {root['actionName']} → {root.get('code')}")
    # Debug and fix the definition before proceeding
    # See power-automate-debug skill for full diagnosis workflow

7c — Swap to the production trigger

Once the test run succeeds, replace the temporary HTTP trigger with the real one:

# Restore the production trigger
definition["triggers"] = production_trigger

result = mcp("update_live_flow",
    environmentName=ENV,
    flowName=FLOW_ID,
    definition=definition,
    connectionReferences=connection_references,
    description="Swapped to production trigger after successful test")

if result.get("error") is not None:
    print("Trigger swap failed:", result["error"])
else:
    print("✅ Production trigger deployed — flow is live")

Why this works: The trigger is just the entry point — the actions are identical regardless of how the flow starts. Testing via HTTP trigger exercises all the same Compose, SharePoint, Teams, etc. actions.

Connector triggers (e.g. "When an item is created in SharePoint"): If actions reference triggerBody() or triggerOutputs(), pass a representative test payload in trigger_live_flow's body parameter that matches the shape the connector trigger would produce.

---

Gotchas

Mistake	Consequence	Prevention
Missing connectionReferences in deploy	400 "Supply connectionReferences"	Always call list_live_connections first
"operationOptions" missing on Foreach	Parallel execution, race conditions on writes	Always add "Sequential"
union(old_data, new_data)	Old values override new (first-wins)	Use union(new_data, old_data)
split() on potentially-null string	InvalidTemplate crash	Wrap with coalesce(field, '')
Checking result["error"] exists	Always present; true error is != null	Use result.get("error") is not None
Flow deployed but state is "Stopped"	Flow won't run on schedule	Check connection auth; re-enable
Teams "Chat with Flow bot" recipient as object	400 GraphUserDetailNotFound	Use plain string with trailing semicolon (see below)

Teams PostMessageToConversation — Recipient Formats

The body/recipient parameter format depends on the location value:

Location	body/recipient format	Example
Chat with Flow bot	Plain email string with trailing semicolon	"user@contoso.com;"
Channel	Object with groupId and channelId	{"groupId": "...", "channelId": "..."}

Common mistake: passing {"to": "user@contoso.com"} for "Chat with Flow bot" returns a 400 GraphUserDetailNotFound error. The API expects a plain string.

---

Reference Files

• flow-schema.md — Full flow definition JSON schema
• trigger-types.md — Trigger type templates
• action-patterns-core.md — Variables, control flow, expressions
• action-patterns-data.md — Array transforms, HTTP, parsing
• action-patterns-connectors.md — SharePoint, Outlook, Teams, Approvals
• build-patterns.md — Complete flow definition templates (Recurrence+SP+Teams, HTTP trigger)

Related Skills

• flowstudio-power-automate-mcp — Core connection setup and tool reference
• flowstudio-power-automate-debug — Debug failing flows after deployment