Refactoring Suggestions for Project

Review the structure and content of this project and provide specific refactoring suggestions. Pay attention to the following points when making your proposals:

1. Code Readability: Check whether the code is readable and easy to understand. Verify if variable names, function names, and class names are appropriate, and if comments are adequately provided.
2. Code Reusability: Consider whether there is duplicated code and if common processes can be consolidated into functions or classes.
3. Performance: Check for areas where code execution speed or memory usage can be improved.
4. Test Coverage: Verify whether unit tests and integration tests are sufficiently covered, and if any necessary tests are missing.